Peptidyl α-Ketoamides with Nucleobases, Methylpiperazine, and Dimethylaminoalkyl Substituents as Calpain Inhibitors
摘要:
A series of peptidyl alpha-ketoamides with the general structure Cbz-L-Leu-D,L-AA-CONH-R were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors for the cystcine proteases calpain I, calpain II, and cathepsin B. Nucleobases, methylpiperazine, and dimethylaminoalkyl groups were incorporated into the primed region of the inhibitors to generate compounds that potentially cross the blood-brain barrier. Two of these compounds (Cbz-Leu-D,L-Abu-CONH-(CH2)(3)-adenin-9-yl and Cbz-Leu-D,L-Abu-CONH-(CH2)(3)-(4-methylpiperazin- l -yl) have been shown to have useful concentrations in the brain in animals. The best inhibitor for calpain I was Cbz-Leu-D,L-Abu-CONH-(CH2)(3)-2-methoxyadenin-9-yl (K-i = 23 nM), and the best inhibitor for calpain II was Cbz-Leu-D,L-Phe-CONH-(CH2)(3)-adenin-9-yl (K-i = 68 nM). On the basis of the crystal structure obtained with heterocyclic peptidyl alpha-ketoamides, we have improved inhibitor potency by introducing a small hydrophobic group on the adenine ring. These inhibitors have good potential to be used in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
A novel class of peptide α-ketoamides useful for selectively inhibiting calpains, selectively inhibiting cysteine proteases, and generally inhibiting all cysteine proteases, having the formula M-AA2-AA1-CO-NH-(CH2)n-R3. Processes for the synthesis of peptidyl α-ketoamide derivatives. Compositions and methods for inhibiting cysteine proteases, inhibiting calpains, and treating disease caused by cysteine proteases and calpains are provided.
Peptidyl α-Ketoamides with Nucleobases, Methylpiperazine, and Dimethylaminoalkyl Substituents as Calpain Inhibitors
作者:Asli Ovat、Zhao Zhao Li、Christina Y. Hampton、Seneshaw A. Asress、Facundo M. Fernández、Jonathan D. Glass、James C. Powers
DOI:10.1021/jm901221v
日期:2010.9.9
A series of peptidyl alpha-ketoamides with the general structure Cbz-L-Leu-D,L-AA-CONH-R were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors for the cystcine proteases calpain I, calpain II, and cathepsin B. Nucleobases, methylpiperazine, and dimethylaminoalkyl groups were incorporated into the primed region of the inhibitors to generate compounds that potentially cross the blood-brain barrier. Two of these compounds (Cbz-Leu-D,L-Abu-CONH-(CH2)(3)-adenin-9-yl and Cbz-Leu-D,L-Abu-CONH-(CH2)(3)-(4-methylpiperazin- l -yl) have been shown to have useful concentrations in the brain in animals. The best inhibitor for calpain I was Cbz-Leu-D,L-Abu-CONH-(CH2)(3)-2-methoxyadenin-9-yl (K-i = 23 nM), and the best inhibitor for calpain II was Cbz-Leu-D,L-Phe-CONH-(CH2)(3)-adenin-9-yl (K-i = 68 nM). On the basis of the crystal structure obtained with heterocyclic peptidyl alpha-ketoamides, we have improved inhibitor potency by introducing a small hydrophobic group on the adenine ring. These inhibitors have good potential to be used in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.