Product studies for the acid catalysed hydrolysis of nitrazepam and some N-alkyl derivatives in the presence of micelles of sodium dodecyl sulfate ( sds ) have been carried out by a U.V. spectrophotometric technique. Attack of water at C2 leading to initial amide cleavage is favoured by high acid concentrations, by micelles of sds and by small R groups attached to the amide nitrogen atom. For nitrazepam, a change of mechanism from water attack at C5 (leading to initial azomethine cleavage) to water attack at C2 (leading to initial amide cleavage) was observed on transfer from water to micelles of sds . For N-benzyl nitrazepam (1d), however, no change of mechanism was detected. Initial attack of water occurred at C5 (leading to initial azomethine cleavage), both in aqueous solution and in micelles of sds.
在十二烷基硫酸钠胶束(sds)的存在下,通过紫外分光光度法对硝西泮和一些 N-烷基衍生物的酸催化水解产物进行了研究。高浓度的酸性物质、十二烷基硫酸钠胶束以及连接在酰胺氮原子上的小 R 基团都有利于 C2 处水的侵蚀,从而导致酰胺的初步裂解。对于硝西泮,当水从 C5 转移到 sds 的胶束时,观察到机理从 C5 处的水攻击(导致最初的偶氮甲基裂解)变为 C2 处的水攻击(导致最初的酰胺裂解)。但是,N-苄基硝西泮(1d)的机理没有发生变化。无论是在水溶液中还是在 sds 的胶束中,水的初始攻击都发生在 C5 处(导致偶氮甲胺的初始裂解)。