毒理性
识别和使用：4,4-二甲基恶唑烷是一种无色至微黄色液体。它在美国注册用于农药使用，但批准的农药用途可能会定期更改，因此必须咨询联邦、州和地方当局以获取当前批准的用途。4,4-二甲基恶唑烷用作抗菌剂，用于控制油回收钻探泥浆、封隔液、二次采油注入水、粘合剂、金属加工切削液、乳胶漆、树脂乳液、湿端添加剂和工业加工化学品中的细菌和真菌，或用于特种工业产品。人类暴露和毒性：没有数据可用。动物研究：在大鼠和家兔中，它引起了皮肤刺激，大鼠体重增加减少。在大鼠中，对处理过的皮肤进行显微镜检查发现炎症、溃疡和棘层肥厚，在雄性和雌性中均存在，证实了皮肤结痂和坏死斑的临床观察。在195 mg/kg/天剂量组（皮肤给药）的大鼠中，出现了中度和重度皮肤反应，包括增厚和溃疡，组织病理学检查显示皮肤有严重的溃疡反应。此外，这些动物的肺、心、肝、脾和肾上腺增大。两项研究表明，4,4-二甲基恶唑烷在Ames试验中测试，在S. typhimurium TA-1535、TA-1537、TA-1538、TA-98和TA-100菌株中，在10 ug/板的剂量下没有明显的致突变潜力，无论是否经过活化。4,4-二甲基恶唑烷在小鼠淋巴瘤试验中进行了测试，无论是否经过活化，都具有致突变潜力。另一项研究使用4,4-二甲基恶唑烷在中国仓鼠卵巢细胞中进行染色体畸变试验，发现无论是否经过活化，都具有致突变潜力。当在小鼠骨髓中进行微核试验时，4,4-二甲基恶唑烷在500 mg/kg的剂量下没有明显的致突变潜力。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: 4,4-Dimethyl oxazolidine is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid. It is registered for pesticide use in the USA but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses. 4,4-Dimethyl oxazolidine is used as an antimicrobial to control bacteria and fungi in oil recovery drilling muds, packer fluids, secondary oil recovery injection water, adhesives, metalworking cutting fluids, latex paints, resin emulsions, wet-end additives and industrial processing chemicals or in specialty industrial products. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: There are no data available. ANIMAL STUDIES: In rats and rabbits it produced skin irritation, combined with reduced bodyweight gain in rats. In rats microscopic examination of treated skin revealed inflammation, ulceration, and acanthosis in both males and females, confirming the clinical observations of scabs on the skin and necrotic patches. Rats in the 195 mg/kg/day dosage group (dermal) showed moderate and severe skin reaction that included thickening and ulcerations, and histopathology revealed severe ulcerative response in the skin. In addition, these animals had enlarged lung, heart, liver, spleen and adrenals.Two studies showed that 4,4-dimethyl oxazolidine was tested in the Ames test with no apparent mutagenic potential in S. typhimurium strains TA-1535, TA-1537, TA-1538, TA-98 and TA-100 up to 10 ug/plate, both with or without activation. 4,4-dimethyl oxazolidine was tested in the L5178Y Mouse lymphoma assay with mutagenic potential with or without activation. Another study used 4,4-dimethyl oxazolidine in the chromosomal aberration assay in Chinese hamster ovary cells finding mutagenic potential with or without activation. When tested in the micronucleus test in mouse bone marrow, 4,4-dimethyl oxazolidine had no apparent mutagenic potential at 500 mg/kg.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
