Chirospecific Syntheses of Precursors of Cyclopentane and Cyclopentene Carbocyclic Nucleosides by [3 + 3]-Coupling and Transannular Alkylation
作者:Jeffrey A. Campbell、Won Koo Lee、Henry Rapoport
DOI:10.1021/jo00119a044
日期:1995.7
A new method is reported for the preparation of enantiomerically pure (1R,2S,4S)-1-amino-2-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentane, (1R,2R,4S)-1-amino-2-fluoro-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclopentane, and (1R,4S)-1-amino-4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-cyclopentene, advanced precursors to carbocyclic nucleosides. The method involves initial conversion of D-serine into an aldehyde with 9-phenylfluorenyl protection at nitrogen and O-benzyl protection at oxygen. A [3 + 3]-coupling of this aldehyde with a titanium homoenolate derived from tert-butyl 3-iodopropionate gave the corresponding anti-lactone in high yield. Regioselective hydrogenolysis of the amine protecting group, accompanied by intramolecular O- to N-cyclization formed a lactam. After suitable nitrogen protection and functional group manipulation, transannular alkylation afforded the corresponding 2-benzyl- or 2-(p-methoxybenzyl)-6-hydroxy-2-azabicycclo[2.2.1]-3-heptanone. Functional group modification of the 2-benzyl analogue gave the resulting 6(S)-hydroxy and 6(R)-fluoro N-BOC imides; alternatively, the 2-(p-methoxybenzyl) analogue was converted to an N-BOC imide containing an olefinic Linkage at C-5 and C-6 of the bicycle. Subjecting each of the N-BOC imides to a reduction-deprotection sequence then afforded the desired carbocyclic analogues. The [3 + 3]-coupling method also allowed improved and expedient access to an advanced tribenzylated lactam previously used in the racemic syntheses of the hydroxylated alkaloids D-mannonolactam, deoxymannojirimycin, and prosopinone, providing a formal asymmetric synthesis of these alkaloids.