Methomyl is a white crystalline solid with slight sulfurous smell. Used as a nematocide, and an insecticide on vegetables, tobacco, cotton, alfalfa, soy beans, and corn. (EPA, 1998)
颜色/状态：
White crystalline solid
气味：
Slightly sulfurous
熔点：
78-79 °C
溶解度：
Sol at 25 °C in wt/wt percent: water 5.8; ethanol 42; methanol 100; isopropanol 22; acetone 73
蒸汽压力：
5.4X10-6 mm Hg @ 25 °C
稳定性/保质期：
Stable in neutral or slightly acidic soln.
分解：
When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides & sulfur oxides/.
腐蚀性：
AQ SOLN NONCORROSIVE
计算性质
辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
0.6
重原子数：
10
可旋转键数：
3
环数：
0.0
sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
0.6
拓扑面积：
76
氢给体数：
1
氢受体数：
4
ADMET
代谢
氨基甲酸酯通过肝脏酶促水解；降解产物通过肾脏和肝脏排出。
The carbamates are hydrolyzed enzymatically by the liver; degradation products are excreted by the kidneys and the liver. (L793)
Methomyl is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Carbamates form unstable complexes with chlolinesterases by carbamoylation of the active sites of the enzymes. This inhibition is reversible. A cholinesterase inhibitor suppresses the action of acetylcholine esterase. Because of its essential function, chemicals that interfere with the action of acetylcholine esterase are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Acetylcholine esterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve and muscle junctions, in order to allow the muscle or organ to relax. The result of acetylcholine esterase inhibition is that acetylcholine builds up and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are continually transmitted and muscle contractions do not stop.
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
对人类无致癌性（未列入国际癌症研究机构IARC清单）。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Acute exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. Accumulation of ACh at motor nerves causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression at the neuromuscular junction. When this occurs symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, fasciculation, and paralysis can be seen. When there is an accumulation of ACh at autonomic ganglia this causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression in the sympathetic system. Symptoms associated with this are hypertension, and hypoglycemia. Overstimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system, due to accumulation of ACh, results in anxiety, headache, convulsions, ataxia, depression of respiration and circulation, tremor, general weakness, and potentially coma. When there is expression of muscarinic overstimulation due to excess acetylcholine at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors symptoms of visual disturbances, tightness in chest, wheezing due to bronchoconstriction, increased bronchial secretions, increased salivation, lacrimation, sweating, peristalsis, and urination can occur. Chronically high (>10 years) exposure leads to neuropsychological consequences including disturbances in perception and visuo-motor processing (A15321).
As with organophosphates, the signs and symptoms are based on excessive cholinergic stimulation. Unlike organophosphate poisoning, carbamate poisonings tend to be of shorter duration because the inhibition of nervous tissue acetylcholinesterase is reversible, and carbamates are more rapidly metabolized. Muscle weakness, dizziness, sweating and slight body discomfort are commonly reported early symptoms. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Contraction of the pupils with blurred vision, incoordination, muscle twitching and slurred speech have been reported. (L795)
Geometrical isomerism in the S-alkyl thiohydroximate series: a new oxime fragmentation
作者：J. H. Davies、R. H. Davis、P. Kirby
DOI：10.1039/j39680000431
日期：——
S-alkyl thiohydroximates from the results of Beckmann rearrangements on both geometricalisomers. The anti-(alkylthio)-isomers undergo fragmentation under Beckmann conditions. The syn-(alkylthio)-isomers may be converted to the anti-isomers by irradiation with u.v. light. Other evidence concerning the geometry of this series of compounds is discussed.
New phosphinic acid derivatives of aminothio methylcarbamates. The new compounds are active against insects, mites and nematodes.
新的氨基硫代甲基氨基甲酸酯磷酸衍生物。这些新化合物对昆虫、螨和线虫具有活性。
N-[(Phosphinyl)amino]thio- and
申请人：The Upjohn Company
公开号：US04292256A1
公开（公告）日：1981-09-29
New phosphinic acid derivatives of aminothio methylcarbamates. The new compounds are active against insects, mites and nematodes.
新的氨基硫代甲基氨基甲酸酯的膦酸衍生物。这些新化合物对昆虫、螨和线虫具有活性。
Process for the production of methomyl oxime
申请人：Ciba-Geigy Corporation
公开号：US04327033A1
公开（公告）日：1982-04-27
A process is provided for the manufacture of methomyl oxime comprising the steps of chlorinating acetaldoxime dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone at a temperature range of -10.degree. C. to 0.degree. C. to form a N-methylpyrrolidone solution of acethydroxamoyl chloride; thioesterifying the acethydroxyamoyl chloride in said solution at a temperature range of about 0.degree. C. to 10.degree. C. at pH in the range 6-7.
N-[(phosphinyl or phosphinothioyl)amino]thio-methylcarbamates and
申请人：The Upjohn Company
公开号：US04208409A1
公开（公告）日：1980-06-17
Some new phosphinic acid derivatives of aminothio methylcarbamates have been synthesized and tested as pesticides. The new compounds are active against insects, mites, and nematodes. The N-[(phosphinyl)amino]thio- and N-[(phosphinothioyl)amino]thio- methylcarbamates are readily prepared by the general procedure of reacting a phosphinic acid amide with sulfur dichloride so as to obtain the corresponding N-(chlorothio)phosphinic acid amide which reactant will react with a methylcarbamate so as to produce the corresponding object compounds, the N-[(phosphinothioyl)amino]thio- methylcarbamates of this invention. Various formulations for pesticidal use are described along with appropriate rates of application.
