Testsystem zur Charakterisierung der Verträglichkeit von biologisch aktiven Substanzen und Polyvinylpyrrolidon
申请人:BASF AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
公开号:EP0987549A2
公开(公告)日:2000-03-22
Testsystem zur Charakterisierung der Verträglichkeit von biologisch aktiven Substanzen mit Polyvinylpyrrolidonen in einer Feststoffdispersion, bestehend aus einer oder mehreren biologisch aktiven Substanzen und 1,3-Bis-(pyrrolidon-1-yl)-butan.
Test system for evaluating the compatibility of biologically active substances with copolymers
申请人:Breitenbach Joerg
公开号:US20050131054A1
公开(公告)日:2005-06-16
A test solution agent, a test system and a method for evaluating the compatibility of biologically active substances with N-vinylpyrdolidone are disclosed.
Head-to-tail homo- and heterodimerization of vinylamides by hidden proton catalysis
作者:Naseem Iqbal、Guro Blakstad、Anne Fiksdahl
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2013.12.041
日期:2014.2
Chemoselective dimerization of vinylamides is reported. A number of vinylacylamides were shown to undergo stereoselective cationic intermolecular head-to-tail homodimerization. Correspondingly, chemoselective heterodimerization reactions readily afforded hydroalkenylation of vinylacylamide with vinylsulfonamide. Different mild methods for hidden proton catalysis were studied. The in situ generation of, e.g., HSbF6 from the [Au]SbF6-PhC equivalent to CHI catalytic systems was applied. Successful vinylacylamide head-to-tail dimerizations seem to be dependant on the ability of N-C-O acylamide electron delocalization, affording stabilized intermediates. In general, the reactions demonstrate the ability of vinylacylamides to effectively undergo hydroalkenylation to afford 1,3-N,N-functionalized (E)-but-1-ene products. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Kaup, Gerd; Matthies, Doris, Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals (1969-1991), 1988, vol. 161, p. 119 - 143