Ionic liquids and their use in extraction processes
申请人:BP p.l.c.
公开号:EP1854786A1
公开(公告)日:2007-11-14
There is provided a process for the extraction of at least one aromatic compound from a mixture with at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon, which process comprises contacting said mixture with a salt that is in a liquid state at a temperature below 150°C, said salt having a cation which comprises an aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring system, in which a nitrogen atom forming part of said ring system is quaternised and in which said ring system is substituted by at least one electron-withdrawing substituent. Some of said salts are novel.
Ionic liquid characteristics of 1-alkyl-n-cyanopyridinium and 1-alkyl-n-(trifluoromethyl)pyridinium salts
作者:Christopher Hardacre、John D. Holbrey、Claire L. Mullan、Mark Nieuwenhuyzen、W. Matthew Reichert、Kenneth R. Seddon、Simon J. Teat
DOI:10.1039/b805063e
日期:——
1-Alkyl-n-cyanopyridinium and 1-alkyl-n-(trifluoromethyl)pyridinium salts have been synthesised and characterised in order to compare the effects of different electron-withdrawing functional groups on their ability to form ionic liquids. The presence of the electron-withdrawing nitrile or trifluoromethyl substituent on the pyridinium ring leads to salts with higher melting points than with the corresponding 1-alkylpyridinium or 1-alkylpicolinium cations. Solid-state structures were determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography for seven salts; 1-methyl-4-cyanopyridinium methylsulfate, and 1-methyl-3-cyanopyridinium, 1-methyl-4-cyanopyridinium, 1-ethyl-2-cyanopyridinium, 1-ethyl-3-cyanopyridinium, 1-ethyl-4-cyanopyridinium and 1-ethyl-4-(trifluormethyl)pyridinium bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl}imide, and show the effects of ring-substitution position on hydrogen-bonding in the solid-state and on melting points.